Damsel in Distress: Analisis Representasi Gender Pada Poster Film-Film Disney untuk Anak-Anak
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51903/jurnalmahasiswa.v8i2.1732Keywords:
children, Disney, film poster, gender representation, stereotypesAbstract
Sejak usia dini, anak-anak membentuk pemahaman mengenai identitas gender dan perilaku yang dianggap sesuai melalui apa yang mereka lihat dalam kehidupan sehari-hari maupun media massa. Oleh karena itu, analisis terhadap konten media anak menjadi langkah penting untuk memahami bagaimana sosialisasi media memengaruhi perkembangan identitas peran gender dan stereotip gender. Disney, sebagai salah satu produsen media anak terbesar dan paling berpengaruh, memiliki peran dalam membentuk persepsi anak-anak mengenai peran dan stereotip gender melalui berbagai media, termasuk poster film. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis representasi gender dalam poster film Disney Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 370 poster film Disney dengan klasifikasi usia PG dan G yang dirilis pada periode 1937–2018, sehingga diperoleh 189 sampel yang dipilih menggunakan teknik random sampling. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis isi dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Teknik pengolahan data dilakukan menggunakan uji Chi-Square dengan bantuan SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa poster film Disney lebih banyak menampilkan karakter utama laki-laki dibandingkan perempuan. Selain itu, analisis berdasarkan kategori dinamika kekuasaan berbasis gender dari Goffman menunjukkan bahwa karakter laki-laki dan perempuan dalam poster film Disney sering kali digambarkan dalam situasi kekuasaan yang mengikuti stereotip gender yang telah ada.
Downloads
References
Al Firdaus, J. Z., Khautsar, D. R., Saputra, T. G., & Nirmalawati, W. (2025). Analysis of Gender Representation in the Film Luca (2021): A Critique of Hegemonic Masculinity. J-Lalite: Journal of English Studies, 6(2), 162. https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jes.2025.6.2.17233
Aley, M., & Hahn, L. (2020). The Powerful Male Hero: A Content Analysis of Gender Representation in Posters for Children’s Animated Movies. Sex Roles, 83(7–8), 499–509. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-020-01127-z
Azeem, A. A., & Ruffman, J. A. H. T. (2022). ‘This princess is brave, bold and needs no prince.’ Reducing Gender Stereotypes in Children Using Short Media Clips. IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS), 27(9), 7–18. https://doi.org/10.9790/0837-2709080718
Bandura, A. (2001). Social Cognitive Theory of Mass Communication. Media Psychology, 3(3), 265–299. https://doi.org/10.1207/S1532785XMEP0303_03
Barber, M. (2015). Disney’s Female Gender Roles: The Change of Modern Culture [Indiana State University]. https://scholars.indianastate.edu/uhp-fac/53
Butkowski, C. P. (2021). Beyond “commercial Realism”: Extending Goffman’s Gender Display Framework to Networked Media Contexts. Communication, Culture and Critique, 14(1), 89–108. https://doi.org/10.1093/ccc/tcaa026
Casey, K., Novick, K., & Lourenco, S. F. (2021). Sixty years of gender representation in children’s books: Conditions associated with overrepresentation of male versus female protagonists. PLoS ONE, 16(12), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0260566
Clarke, L. L., Hine, B., England, D., Flew, P. P. M. S., Alzahri, R., Juriansz, S. N., & Garcia, M. J. B. C. (2024). The gendered behaviors displayed by Disney protagonists. Frontiers in Sociology, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2024.1338900
Coyne, S. M., Linder, J. R., Rasmussen, E. E., Nelson, D. A., & Birkbeck, V. (2016). Pretty as a Princess: Longitudinal Effects of Engagement With Disney Princesses on Gender Stereotypes, Body Esteem, and Prosocial Behavior in Children. Child Development, 87(6), 1909–1925. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12569
Elboraie, M. H. (2025). Stereotypes of Female Characters in Disney. The Undergraduate Research Journal, 10(8), 1–12. https://fount.aucegypt.edu/urje/vol10/iss1/8
Fausto-Sterling, A. (2021). A Dynamic Systems Framework for Gender/Sex Development: From Sensory Input in Infancy to Subjective Certainty in Toddlerhood. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2021.613789
Hine, B., England, D., Lopreore, K., Horgan, E. S., & Hartwell, L. (2018). The rise of the androgynous princess: Examining representations of gender in prince and princess characters of Disney movies released 2009-2016. Social Sciences, 7(12), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci7120245
Linh, N. T. T. (2021). A MULTIMODAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF ROMANTIC COMEDY MOVIE POSTERS. VNU JOURNAL OF FOREIGN STUDIES, 7(3), 79–93. https://js.vnu.edu.vn/FS/
Manaworapong, P., & Bowen, N. E. J. A. (2022). Language, gender, and patriarchy in Mulan: a diachronic analysis of a Disney Princess movie. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-022-01244-y
Nurudeen, M. A. (2024). A Study of Multimodal Communicative Acts in Selected Nollywood Film Advertisement Posters. Journal of Languages & Translation, 4(2), 77–92. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Quratulain, Mohsin, R., & Hussain, Z. (2025). Challenging The Gender Stereotypes Through Disney Animated Movies: A Multimodal Analysis-Based Study. Annual Methodological Archive Research Review, 3(12), 12–20. http://amresearchreview.com/index.php/Journal/about
Riffe, D., Lacy, S., Watson, B. R., & Lovejoy, J. (2024). Analyzing Media Messages; Using Quantitative Content Analysis in Research; Fifth Edition (Fifth Edition). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003288428
Rowe, R. (2023, October 20). Disney’s century of manufactured magic. The Business Time.
Scharrer, E., & Blackburn, G. (2018). Cultivating Conceptions of Masculinity: Television and Perceptions of Masculine Gender Role Norms. Mass Communication and Society, 21(2), 149–177. https://doi.org/10.1080/15205436.2017.1406118
Shi, W. (2023). The Influencing Factors of Gender Stereotypes- Based on Early Childhood Education. Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media, 18(1), 54–62. https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/18/20231285
Shilo, M. (2021). Effects of television content on children’s development of Effects of television content on children’s development of traditional gender role schemata: A Literature Review traditional gender role schemata: A Literature Review. Proceedings of the New York State Communication Association: Vol. 2017, Article 7. https://docs.rwu.edu/nyscaproceedings
Song, Y. (2023). The Gender Bias and Representation in Movie Posters: A Study of 60 Years of Film. Carleton University.
Spinner, L., Cameron, L., & Tenenbaum, H. R. (2023). Gender Stereotypes in Young Children’s Magazines. Mass Communication and Society, 26(1), 147–170. https://doi.org/10.1080/15205436.2022.2052902
Tampubolon, G. N. (2018). Identitas dan Peran Gender pada Anak Usia 3-7 Tahun dalam Keluarga Komuter. Jurnal CARE (Children Advisory Research and Education), 6(1). http://e-journal.unipma.ac.id/index.php/JPAUD
TAŞKIN, H., & İNANÇ, A. (2023). Reflections of the Female Identity Constructions in Animation Movies: An Analysis on of Disney and Hayao Miyazaki Movies. Erciyes İletişim Dergisi, 10(1), 57–78. https://doi.org/10.17680/erciyesiletisim.1183539
Toft-Nielsen, C. (2020). Fans feeling a disturbance in the Force Star Wars and the power of paratexts. Academic Quarter | Akademisk Kvarter, 20, 1–15. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5278/ojs.academicquarter.vi20.5846
Walsh, A., & Leaper, C. (2020). A Content Analysis of Gender Representations in Preschool Children’s Television. Mass Communication and Society, 23(3), 331–355. https://doi.org/10.1080/15205436.2019.1664593
Ward, L. M., & Grower, P. (2020). Media and the Development of Gender Role Stereotypes. Annual Review of Developmental Psychology, 2. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-devpsych-051120
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Christine Puspito, Kunto Wibowo, Detta Rahmawan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
