PENGARUH AKTIVITAS LEMBAGA PERBANKAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI: KAJIAN PADA SEKTOR PERBANKAN DAN PERUBAHAN TEKNOLOGI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51903/jurnalmahasiswa.v4i1.663Keywords:
Financial Development, Economic growth, Banking SectorAbstract
Studi ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki dampak perkembangan bank komersial terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Lembaga perbankan berperan penting dalam mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi melalui penyaluran dana untuk investasi. Bank komersial memiliki peran utama dalam memberikan kredit kepada sektor ekonomi yang tepat. Manajemen risiko yang efektif dan sistem perbankan yang stabil sangat penting. Begitu juga dengan Bank yang memiliki peran yang lebih besar dalam memberikan kredit dalam negeri yang mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi. Akan tetapi terdapat masalah pada dampak nyata bank komersial terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi yang ada. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada inisiatif kebijakan untuk mereformasi sektor perbankan, memberikan insentif kepada bank dalam memberikan pinjaman kepada sektor ekonomi yang produktif, dan meningkatkan akses produk dan layanan keuangan bagi masyarakat di daerah terpencil. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi ARDL dalam menentukan adanya hubungan jangka pendek dan jangka panjang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, terdapat hubungan jangka pendek yang positif antara perkembangan sektor perbankan dan pertumbuhan PDB, yang disalurkan melalui pendapatan bunga bersih dan kewajiban pendanaan bank. Selain itu, tes kausalitas menunjukkan kausalitas dua arah antara pertumbuhan ekonomi dan perkembangan sektor perbankan, yang berarti bahwa perkembangan sektor perbankan akan meningkatkan pertumbuhan PDB dan sebaliknya. Pengembangan bank komersial berdampak pada pertumbuhan ekonomi dan merekomendasikan reformasi di industri perbankan untuk memastikan peningkatan pinjaman guna mendukung perekonomian.
References
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Calderon С., & Liu, L. (2002). The direction of causality between financial development and economic growth. Journal of Development Economics 72(1), 321–334.
Chukwu, J., & Agu, C. (2009). Multivariate Causality Between Financial Depth and Economic Growth in Nigeria. African Review of Money Finance and Banking, 7-21.
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Driffil, J. (2003). Growth and finance. The Manchester School, 71(4), 363-380.Fidrmuc, J., Fungacova, Z., & Weill, L. (2015). Does bank liquidity creation contribute to economic growth? (Unpublished paper). Retrieved from http://ies.fsv.cuni.cz/default/file/get/id/26488
FinMark Trust, (2012). FinScope consumer survey: Namibia. Retrieved from https://www.finmark.org.za/finscope-consumer-survey-namibia-2011/
Granger, C. W. J. (1969). Investigating Causal Relations by Econometric Models and Cross-spectral Methods. Econometrica Vol. 37, No. 3, pp. 424-438.
Gross, M., Kok, C., & Zochowski, D. (2016). The impact of bank capital on economic activity: Evidence from a mixed-cross-sectional GVAR model. (ECB working paper, No. 1888), European Central Bank, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Retrieved from https://www.ecb.europa.eu/pub/pdf/scpwps/ecbwp1888.en.pdf?44a6ffdb1230bc5f5cfefffa8c6a5a49
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Gujarati, D. N., & Porter, D. C. (2010). Essentials of econometrics. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
Hauner, D. (2005). Explaining efficiency differences among large German and Austrian banks. Applied Economics, 37(9), 969–980.
Hicks, J. (1969). A theory of economic history. Oxford, UK: Claredon Press.Institute for International Finance (2011). The cumulative impact on the global economy of changes in the financial regulatory framework. Washington, DC: IIF.
International Monetary Fund. (2005). The treatment of non-performing loans. Eighteenth Meeting of the IMF Committee on Balance of Payments Statistics, Washington, DC, June 27–July 1. Retrieved from https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/bop/2005/05-29.pdf
International Monetary Fund, (2015). Financial soundness indicators and the IMF. Retrieved from: https://www.imf.org/external/np/sta/fsi/eng/fsi.htm
International Monetary Fund, (2016). Namibia: Selected issues. (IMF Country Report No. 16/374) International Monetary Fund, Washington, DC. Retrieved from https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/scr/2016/cr16374.pdf
Jordan, A., & Tucker, C. (2013). Assessing the impact of non-performing loans on economic growth in the Bahamas. Monetaria, 1(2), 371-400.
Kiprop, M J., Kalio, A., Kibet, L., & Kiprop, S. (2015) Effect of financial development on economic growth in Kenya: Evidence from time series analysis. European Journal of Business and Social Sciences, 3(11), 62-78
Levine, R. (1997). Stock markets, growth and tax policy. The Journal of Finance, 46(4), 1445-1465.
Martynova, N. (2015). Effect of bank capital requirements on economic growth: A survey. (DNB working paper No. 467) De Nederlandsche Bank, Amsterdam, Netherlands.Retrieved from https://www.dnb.nl/binaries/Working%20paper%20467_tcm46-319679.pdf
McKinnon, R. (1973). Money and capital in economic development. Washington, DC: Brookings Institute.
McMillan, J. H., & Schumacher, S. (2001). Research in education. A conceptual introduction (5th ed.). New York, NY: Longman.
Morakinyo, A. E., & Sibanda, M. (2016). Non-performing loans and economic growth in Nigeria: A dynamic analysis. SPOUDAI Journal of Economics and Business,66(4), 61-81.
Murumba, I. (2013). The relationship between GDP and non-performing loans: Evidence from Nigeria (1995–2009). International Journal of Capacity Building in Education and Management (IJCBEM), 2(1), 1-7.
Nikolaou, K. (2009). Liquidity (risk) concepts, definitions and interactions. (ECB working paper, No. 1008), European Central Bank, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1333568
Odhiambo, N. M. (2004). Is financial development still a spur to economic growth? A casual evidence from South Africa. Savings and Development, 28(1), 47-62.
Ogege, S., & Shirro, A. A. (2012). Does depositing money in bank impact economic growth? Evidence from Nigeria. African Journal of Business Management, 7(3) 196-205.
Ojiegbe, J. N., Oladele, A. O., & Makwe, E. U. (2016). Bank liquidity and economic growth of Nigeria. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 7(14), 20-33.
Pesaran M. H., & Shin Y. (1999). An autoregressive distributed lag modelling approach to cointegration analysis. In S. Strøm (ed.), Econometrics and economic theory in the twentieth century: The Ragnar Frisch Centennial Symposium (pp. 371-413). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Pesaran, M.H., Shin, Y. and Smith, R. (2001). Bounds Testing Approaches to the Analysis of Level Relationships. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16, 289-326.
Petkovski, M., & Kjosevski, J. (2014). Does banking sector development promote economic growth? An empirical analysis for selected countries in Central and South Eastern Europe. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 27(1), 55-66.
Republic of Namibia. (2011). Namibia Financial Sector Strategy 2011-2021: A sector development document towards achieving vision 2030. Windhoek, Namibia: Ministry of
Finance. Retrieved from http://www.namfisa.com.na/wpcontent/uploads/2017/10/Namibia-Financial-Sector-Strategy.pdf
Republic of Namibia. (2012). Namibia’s Fourth National Development Plan (NDP_4.): Changing gear towards vision 2030. Windhoek, Namibia: National Planning Commission. Retrieved from https://www.npc.gov.na/?wpfb_dl=37
Saint-Paul, G. (1992). Technological choice, financial market and economic development. European Economic Review, 36(4), 763-782.
Schumpeter, J. A. (1934). The theory of economic development: An inquiry into profits, capital, credit, interest, and the business cycle. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers.
Shaw, E. (1973). Financial deepening in economic development. London, UK: Oxford University Press.
Solow, R. M. (1956). A contribution to the theory of economic growth. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 70(1), 65-94.
Sunde, T. (2013). Financial sector development and economic growth in Namibia. Journal of Emerging Trends in Economics and Management Sciences, 1(2), 76-80.
Sufian, F., Kamarudin, F., & Nassir, A. (2016). Determinants of efficiency in the Malaysian banking sector: Does bank origin matters? Intellectual Economics 10(1), 38–54.
Swan, T. W. (1956). Economic growth and capital accumulation. Economic Record, 32(63), 334–361.
Tang, T. (2005). An examination of the causal relationship between bank lending and economic growth: Evidence from ASEAN. Savings and Development, 29(3), 313-343.
Timsina, N. (2014). Impact of bank credit on economic growth in Nepal. (NRB WorkingPaper No. 22), Nepal Rasta Bank, Kathmandu, Nepal. Retrieved from https://www.nrb.org.np/ecorev/pdffiles/nrbwp201422.pdf
Trading Economics (2017). Namibia GDP Annual Growth Rate. Retrieved from https://tradingeconomics.com/namibia/gdp-growth-annual
Tripathy, S., & Pradhan, R. P. (2014). Banking sector development and economic growth in India. Global Business Review, 15(4) 767–776.
World Bank, (2006). Measuring banking sector development. Financial Sector Operations and Policy, Financial Sector Indicators, Note 1. Retrieved from http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTTOPACCFINSER/Resources/Banking.pdf
World Bank, (2009). Measuring banking sector development. Financial sector operations and policy. Retrieved from http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTTOPACCFINSER/Resources/Banking.pdf
World Bank. (2016, September). World Bank list of Economies. Retrieved from http://www.ispo2017.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/World-Bank-List-of-Economies.pdf
Apergis, N., Filippidis, J., & Economidou, C. (2007). Financial deepening and economic growth linkages: A panel data analysis. Review of World Economics, 143(1), 179-198.
Aurangzeb, Q. (2012). Contribution of banking sector in economic growth: A case for Pakistan. Economics and Finance Review, 2(6), 45–54.
Bagehot, W. (1873). Lombard Street: A description of the money market. London, UK: H. S. King. Retrieved from http://www.econlib.org/library/Bagehot/bagLom1.html
Bank of Namibia (2009). Determination on Minimum Liquid Assets, (BID-6). Government Gazette, No. 4373, 6 November. Retrieved from https://www.bon.com.na/CMSTemplates/Bon/Files/bon.com.na/b0/b0c4c785-c327-4407-a1c2-5541e5628608.pdf
Bank of Namibia (2014). Domestic Systemically Important Banks for the Namibian Banking System: An Indicator-Based Measurement Approach.
Bank of Namibia, (2014, August 20). Repo rate increased to 6.0 percent. Monetary Policy Statements, Ref: 6/9/2. Retrieved from https://www.bon.com.na/CMSTemplates/Bon/Files/bon.com.na/32/3274d92c-8815-4cd2-b5fb-f9c27a7178c8.pdf
Bank of Namibia, (2016). Aggregated Industry Returns: 2005 - 2016. Retrieved from: https://www.bon.com.na/Bank/Banking-Supervision/The-Banking-System-in-Namibia/Aggregated-industry-returns.aspx
Bank of Namibia, (2016). Annual report. Retrieved from https://www.bon.com.na/CMSTemplates/Bon/Files/bon.com.na/0e/0e9c5d80-8203-498a-8e07-3bb26d5657d9.pdf
Bank of Namibia. (2017). The Banking System in Namibia. Retrieved from https://www.bon.com.na/Bank/Banking-Supervision/The-Banking-System-in-Namibia.aspx
Bencivenga, V. R. and Smith, B. D. (1991). Financial Intermediation and Endogenous Growth. Review of Economics Studies 58(2), 195–209
Calderon С., & Liu, L. (2002). The direction of causality between financial development and economic growth. Journal of Development Economics 72(1), 321–334.
Chukwu, J., & Agu, C. (2009). Multivariate Causality Between Financial Depth and Economic Growth in Nigeria. African Review of Money Finance and Banking, 7-21.
Development Bank of Namibia (2016). Annual report. Retrieved from http://www.dbn.com.na/index.php/investors-relations/annual-reports/file/115-annual-report-2016
Driffil, J. (2003). Growth and finance. The Manchester School, 71(4), 363-380.Fidrmuc, J., Fungacova, Z., & Weill, L. (2015). Does bank liquidity creation contribute to economic growth? (Unpublished paper). Retrieved from http://ies.fsv.cuni.cz/default/file/get/id/26488
FinMark Trust, (2012). FinScope consumer survey: Namibia. Retrieved from https://www.finmark.org.za/finscope-consumer-survey-namibia-2011/
Granger, C. W. J. (1969). Investigating Causal Relations by Econometric Models and Cross-spectral Methods. Econometrica Vol. 37, No. 3, pp. 424-438.
Gross, M., Kok, C., & Zochowski, D. (2016). The impact of bank capital on economic activity: Evidence from a mixed-cross-sectional GVAR model. (ECB working paper, No. 1888), European Central Bank, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Retrieved from https://www.ecb.europa.eu/pub/pdf/scpwps/ecbwp1888.en.pdf?44a6ffdb1230bc5f5cfefffa8c6a5a49
Gujarati, D. (2004). Basic econometrics (4th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
Gujarati, D. N., & Porter, D. C. (2010). Essentials of econometrics. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
Hauner, D. (2005). Explaining efficiency differences among large German and Austrian banks. Applied Economics, 37(9), 969–980.
Hicks, J. (1969). A theory of economic history. Oxford, UK: Claredon Press.Institute for International Finance (2011). The cumulative impact on the global economy of changes in the financial regulatory framework. Washington, DC: IIF.
International Monetary Fund. (2005). The treatment of non-performing loans. Eighteenth Meeting of the IMF Committee on Balance of Payments Statistics, Washington, DC, June 27–July 1. Retrieved from https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/bop/2005/05-29.pdf
International Monetary Fund, (2015). Financial soundness indicators and the IMF. Retrieved from: https://www.imf.org/external/np/sta/fsi/eng/fsi.htm
International Monetary Fund, (2016). Namibia: Selected issues. (IMF Country Report No. 16/374) International Monetary Fund, Washington, DC. Retrieved from https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/scr/2016/cr16374.pdf
Jordan, A., & Tucker, C. (2013). Assessing the impact of non-performing loans on economic growth in the Bahamas. Monetaria, 1(2), 371-400.
Kiprop, M J., Kalio, A., Kibet, L., & Kiprop, S. (2015) Effect of financial development on economic growth in Kenya: Evidence from time series analysis. European Journal of Business and Social Sciences, 3(11), 62-78
Levine, R. (1997). Stock markets, growth and tax policy. The Journal of Finance, 46(4), 1445-1465.
Martynova, N. (2015). Effect of bank capital requirements on economic growth: A survey. (DNB working paper No. 467) De Nederlandsche Bank, Amsterdam, Netherlands.Retrieved from https://www.dnb.nl/binaries/Working%20paper%20467_tcm46-319679.pdf
McKinnon, R. (1973). Money and capital in economic development. Washington, DC: Brookings Institute.
McMillan, J. H., & Schumacher, S. (2001). Research in education. A conceptual introduction (5th ed.). New York, NY: Longman.
Morakinyo, A. E., & Sibanda, M. (2016). Non-performing loans and economic growth in Nigeria: A dynamic analysis. SPOUDAI Journal of Economics and Business,66(4), 61-81.
Murumba, I. (2013). The relationship between GDP and non-performing loans: Evidence from Nigeria (1995–2009). International Journal of Capacity Building in Education and Management (IJCBEM), 2(1), 1-7.
Nikolaou, K. (2009). Liquidity (risk) concepts, definitions and interactions. (ECB working paper, No. 1008), European Central Bank, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1333568
Odhiambo, N. M. (2004). Is financial development still a spur to economic growth? A casual evidence from South Africa. Savings and Development, 28(1), 47-62.
Ogege, S., & Shirro, A. A. (2012). Does depositing money in bank impact economic growth? Evidence from Nigeria. African Journal of Business Management, 7(3) 196-205.
Ojiegbe, J. N., Oladele, A. O., & Makwe, E. U. (2016). Bank liquidity and economic growth of Nigeria. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 7(14), 20-33.
Pesaran M. H., & Shin Y. (1999). An autoregressive distributed lag modelling approach to cointegration analysis. In S. Strøm (ed.), Econometrics and economic theory in the twentieth century: The Ragnar Frisch Centennial Symposium (pp. 371-413). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Pesaran, M.H., Shin, Y. and Smith, R. (2001). Bounds Testing Approaches to the Analysis of Level Relationships. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16, 289-326.
Petkovski, M., & Kjosevski, J. (2014). Does banking sector development promote economic growth? An empirical analysis for selected countries in Central and South Eastern Europe. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 27(1), 55-66.
Republic of Namibia. (2011). Namibia Financial Sector Strategy 2011-2021: A sector development document towards achieving vision 2030. Windhoek, Namibia: Ministry of
Finance. Retrieved from http://www.namfisa.com.na/wpcontent/uploads/2017/10/Namibia-Financial-Sector-Strategy.pdf
Republic of Namibia. (2012). Namibia’s Fourth National Development Plan (NDP_4.): Changing gear towards vision 2030. Windhoek, Namibia: National Planning Commission. Retrieved from https://www.npc.gov.na/?wpfb_dl=37
Saint-Paul, G. (1992). Technological choice, financial market and economic development. European Economic Review, 36(4), 763-782.
Schumpeter, J. A. (1934). The theory of economic development: An inquiry into profits, capital, credit, interest, and the business cycle. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers.
Shaw, E. (1973). Financial deepening in economic development. London, UK: Oxford University Press.
Solow, R. M. (1956). A contribution to the theory of economic growth. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 70(1), 65-94.
Sunde, T. (2013). Financial sector development and economic growth in Namibia. Journal of Emerging Trends in Economics and Management Sciences, 1(2), 76-80.
Sufian, F., Kamarudin, F., & Nassir, A. (2016). Determinants of efficiency in the Malaysian banking sector: Does bank origin matters? Intellectual Economics 10(1), 38–54.
Swan, T. W. (1956). Economic growth and capital accumulation. Economic Record, 32(63), 334–361.
Tang, T. (2005). An examination of the causal relationship between bank lending and economic growth: Evidence from ASEAN. Savings and Development, 29(3), 313-343.
Timsina, N. (2014). Impact of bank credit on economic growth in Nepal. (NRB WorkingPaper No. 22), Nepal Rasta Bank, Kathmandu, Nepal. Retrieved from https://www.nrb.org.np/ecorev/pdffiles/nrbwp201422.pdf
Trading Economics (2017). Namibia GDP Annual Growth Rate. Retrieved from https://tradingeconomics.com/namibia/gdp-growth-annual
Tripathy, S., & Pradhan, R. P. (2014). Banking sector development and economic growth in India. Global Business Review, 15(4) 767–776.
World Bank, (2006). Measuring banking sector development. Financial Sector Operations and Policy, Financial Sector Indicators, Note 1. Retrieved from http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTTOPACCFINSER/Resources/Banking.pdf
World Bank, (2009). Measuring banking sector development. Financial sector operations and policy. Retrieved from http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTTOPACCFINSER/Resources/Banking.pdf
World Bank. (2016, September). World Bank list of Economies. Retrieved from http://www.ispo2017.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/World-Bank-List-of-Economies.pdf
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2023-06-27
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PENGARUH AKTIVITAS LEMBAGA PERBANKAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI: KAJIAN PADA SEKTOR PERBANKAN DAN PERUBAHAN TEKNOLOGI. (2023). Jurnal Mahasiswa: Jurnal Ilmiah Penalaran Dan Penelitian Mahasiswa, 4(1), 68-90. https://doi.org/10.51903/jurnalmahasiswa.v4i1.663
